Performance of the Petroleum Reservoir Under Waterflooding at the Petrochad Field in Mangara-Chad
PDF

Keywords

Reservoir
Performance
Magara-Chad
Water flooding

How to Cite

1.
Brahim B, Prosper SK, Djoulde RD. Performance of the Petroleum Reservoir Under Waterflooding at the Petrochad Field in Mangara-Chad. Int. J. Petrol. Technol. [Internet]. 2024 Jul. 5 [cited 2024 Nov. 12];11:16-28. Available from: https://avantipublisher.com/index.php/ijpt/article/view/1506

Abstract

The Mangara petroleum field is made up of three superimposed reservoirs (C, D, E) with approximately 2500 m depth. These are unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs with an underlying active aquifer. The petrophysical properties of the reservoirs are relatively good as it’s a self-sourced unconventional reservoir based on its organic richness characteristics unconventional resource opportunity as tight carbonate reservoir. Tank pressure is approximately 2900 psi, for an average temperature of 180°F. Of the 50 wells initially drilled, 23 are currently producing. The pressure is support by 04 injector wells, and daily production is estimated at approximately 12,000 bbl/d. To maximize oil production and minimize water production, the positions of injection wells were moved, which permitted to reduce the number of producing wells from 23 to 18. The result revealed that this scheme can maintained the pressure at desired levels of 2900 psi, until year 2040 and reversed the current trend in water production, which was 14,000 bbl/d. In the predicted scenarios, cumulative production will be maintain at 25,000 bbl/d with a daily production of around 18,000bbl of oil compared to formerly figure of 7000 bbl of water until 2040.

https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-787X.2024.11.2
PDF

References

Mundi FD, Mealvatin N. The National Hydrocarbons Corporation (NHC) (Society National Des Hydrocarbures (‘‘SNH’’): Necessity of policy changes. Int J Legal Dev Allied. 2023; 9(6): 30-55.

Glencore limited. Glencore Company Report. Petrochad (Mangara) Field Development Limited, 2020; 1: 06-11.

Exxon Mobil Company Report. Petrochad (Mangara) Limited Field Development, Production and Evaluation. 2019; 2(1): 6-14.

Gab-Leyba GD, Laporte B. Oil contracts, progressive taxation, and government take in the context of uncertainty in crude oil prices: The case of Chad. J Energy Dev. 2015; 41(02): 248-53.

Mushemeza ED, Okiira J. Local Content Frameworks in the African Oil and Gas Sector: Lessons from Angola and Chad. Kampala. ACODE Policy Research Series No. 72, 2016. Available from: https://www.acode-u.org/uploadedFiles/PRS72.pdf (Accessed on May 2024).

Bin Marta ES, Hammouda MMMS, Tantawy MA, Khamis MA, Wahba AM. Diagnosing and controlling excessive water production: state-of-the-art review. J Pet Min Eng. 2023; (5): 11-3. https://doi.org/10.21608/jpme.2023.233102.1174

Pinaeva LG, Noskov AS. Modern level of catalysts and technologies for the conversion of natural gas into syngas. Catal Ind. 2022; 14(1): 66-85. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070050422010081

GEI Company Annual Review. Petrochad (Mangara) Limited Field Development 2013; pp. 6-11.

Armenta M. Mechanisms and control of water inflow to wells in gas reservoirs with bottom-water drive. LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 2003. Available from: https://repository.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/232 (Accessed on May 2024).

Ahmed T, McKinney PD. Advanced reservoir engineering. Elsevier; 2005.

Bakr A, Reda M, Fathy M. Application of 3D static modelling and reservoir characterisation for optimal field development: A case study from the Kharita Formation, Karam field, Western Desert, Egypt. First Break. 2023; 41(11): 43-51. https://doi.org/10.3997/1365-2397.fb2023089

(a) Bailey B, Crabtree M, Tyrie J, Elphick J, Kuchuk F, Romano C, et al. Water control. Oilfield Rev. 2000; 12: 30-51. (b) Dale Beggs H. Production optimization using nodal analysis. Oil & Gas Consultants Intl.; 2003.

Roozshenas AA, Hematpur H, Abdollahi R, Esfandyari H. Water production problem in gas reservoirs: concepts, challenges, and practical solutions. Math Prob Eng. 2021; 2021: Article ID 9075560. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9075560

Tiab D, Donaldson EC. Petrophysics: Theory and practice of measuring reservoir rock and fluid transport properties. Gulf Professional Publishing; 2012.

Reynolds RR, Kiker RD. Produced Water and Associated Issues. Petroleum Technology Transfer Council (PTTC); 2003. Available from: http://www.ogs.ou.edu/PTTC/pwm/produced_water.pdf (Accessed on May 2024).

Simoneit BR, Aboul-Kassim TA, Tiercelin JJ. Hydrothermal petroleum from lacustrine sedimentary organic matter in the East African Rift. Appl Geochem. 2000; 15(3): 355-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0883-2927(99)00044-x

Mandlimath TR, Kumar SP, Ramesh M. Introduction and Scope of Geochemistry. In: Altalhi T, Boddula R, Inamuddin I, Ahamed MI, Eds., Geochemistry: Concepts and Applications. Wiley-Scrivener; 2021, pp. 161-78.

Zhen Z, Li D, Li Y, Chen S, Bu S. Trajectory and weathering of oil spill in Daya bay, the South China sea. Environ Pollut. 2020; 267: 115562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115562

Thomas A, Gaillard N, Favero C. Some key features to consider when studying acrylamide-based polymers for chemical enhanced oil. Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies Nouvelles, 2012; 67(6): 887-902. https://doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2012065

Kortekaas TF. Water/oil displacement characteristics in cross-bedded reservoir zones. SPE J. 1985; 25(06): 917-26. https://doi.org/10.2118/12112-PA

Thomas GH, Countryman GR, Fatt I. Miscible displacement in a multiphase system. SPE J. 1963; 3(3): 189-96. https://doi.org/10.2118/538-PA

Ahmed T. Reservoir engineering handbook. 2nd ed. Gulf Professional Publishing; 2001.

Joshi SD. Horizontal well technology. Pennwell Publishing Co.; 1991.

Salehi-Shabestari A, Raisee M, Sadeghy K. Effect of a waxy crude oil's yield stress on the coning phenomenon: a numerical study. J Porous Media. 2019; 22(1): 21-35. https://doi.org/10.1615/JPorMedia.2018028707

Olabode O, Etim E, Emeka O, Tope O, Victoria A, Charles O. Predicting post breakthrough performance of water and gas coning. Int J Mech Eng Tech. 2019; 10(2): 5-9.

Schneider F. Modeling multiphase flow of petroleum at the sedimentary basin scale. J Geochem Explor. 2003; 78-79: 693-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6742(03)00092-X

Khan MR, Alnuaim S, Tariq Z, Abdulraheem A. Machine learning application for oil rate prediction in artificial gas lift wells. In paper presented at the SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, Manama, Bahrain: March 2019; pp. 157-60. https://doi.org/10.2118/194713-MS

Aziz SB, Woo TJ, Kadir MFZ, Ahmed HM. A conceptual review on polymer electrolytes and ion transport models. J Sci: Adv Mater Devices. 2018; 3(1): 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsamd.2018.01.002

Buscheck TA, White JA, Carroll SA, Bielicki JM, Ainesa RD. Managing geologic CO2 storage with pre-injection brine production: a strategy evaluated with a model of CO2 injection at Snøhvit. Energy Environ Sci. 2016; 9(4): 1504-12. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE03648H

Li X, Chen G, Wei W, Tan X, Xu Z, Zhang L, et al. Feasibility of injecting pretreated mine water into a deep ordovician aquifer in the Lilou Coal Mine, China. Mine Water Environ. 2024; 43: 168-82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-024-00977-3

Akbarabadi M, Alizadeh AH, Piri M, Nagarajan N. Experimental evaluation of enhanced oil recovery in unconventional reservoirs using cyclic hydrocarbon gas injection. Fuel. 2023; 331(pt 1): 125676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125676

Huang X, Tian Z, Zuo X, Li X, Yang W, Lu J. The microscopic pore crude oil production characteristics and influencing factors by DME-assisted CO2 injection in shale oil reservoirs. Fuel. 2023; 331(pt 2): 125843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125843

Jain M, Bera A. Paradigm shift towards the sustainability in upstream oil industry for enhanced recovery-A state-of-art review. J Clean Prod. 2023; 386: 135784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135784

Bufman M, Raz E, Hager N. The potential of natural gas in the Israeli economy. Bank Leumi Le-Israel, Tel Aviv: 2014. available from: https://english.leumi.co.il/static-files/10/LeumiEnglish/PotentialofNaturalGasinIsraelApril2014.pdf (accessed 12 November 2017).

Prest, Brian C., Daniel Raimi, and Zachary Whitlock. Assessing the Future of Oil and Gas Production and Local Government Revenue in Five Western US Basins. No. 23-28. Resources for the Future, 2023. Available from: https://media.rff.org/documents/WP_23-28_v4.pdf (Accessed on May 2024).

Ganat TAO. Technical guidance for petroleum exploration and production plans. Springer; 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45250-6

Boley IR. Reservoir characterization and financial analysis of microbial carbonates in the Sapinhoá Oil Field for hydrocarbon production and carbon capture utilization and storage. Dissertation. The University of Texas; Austin: 2022.

Odeyemi OO. Integrating environmental and health and safety management system in the oil and gas sectors: a case study of Nigeria. Ph D Thesis. University of Wolverhampton; 2022.

Ayuk NJ. Billions at play: The future of African energy and doing deals. Made For Success Publishing; 2020.

Foster IDL, Boardman J, Keay-Bright J. Sediment tracing and environmental history for two small catchments, Karoo Uplands, South Africa. Geomorphology. 2007; 90(1-2): 126-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.01.011

Cash AC. Corporate social responsibility and petroleum development in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Chad. Resour Policy. 2012; 37(2): 144-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2011.08.001

Craig J, Biffi U, Galimberti RF, Ghori KAR, Gorter JD, Hakhoo N, et al. The palaeobiology and geochemistry of Precambrian hydrocarbon source rocks. Marine Pet Geol. 2013; 40: 1-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.011

Gadom GD, Mboutchouang K, Djossou GN, Quentin KG. The impact of oil exploitation on wellbeing in Chad. Partnership for Economic Policy; Working Paper 2017-06 (2017). https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.32592.10248

Prosper SK, Guillaume EM, Ngarbaroum D, Adannou HA, Koukouare HN, Koukouare D. Impact of oil installations on groundwater resources in Bongor Basin, Republic of Chad. Afr J Environ Sci Technol. 2021; 15(1): 53-68. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJEST2020.2945 Mohamed A, Mohamed A, Alarifi SS, Othman A. Geophysical and remote sensing assessment of Chad’s groundwater resources. Remote Sens. 2023; 15(3): 560. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030560

Jedwab R, Haslop F, Zarate RD, Castelan CR. The Effects of Climate Change in the Poorest Countries: Evidence from the Permanent Shrinking of Lake Chad. IZA – Institute of Labor Economics; Aug 2023, IZA DP No. 16396.

Bongole K, Sun Z, Yao J. Potential for geothermal heat mining by analysis of the numerical simulation parameters in proposing enhanced geothermal system at Bongor Basin, Chad. Simul Model Pract Theory. 2021; 107: 102218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2020.102218

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2024 Bakimbil Brahim, Samba K. Prosper, Roger D. Djoulde